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SECONDARY ARTICLES

CLIMATE CHANGE 

Co2 (carbon dioxide) is 1 carbon molecule plus 2 oxygen molecules. Co2 is basically the earths' blanket.


It warms the earth, causing both global warming and climate change. Climate change has big impact on the environment. Climate change is not good for the planet.


In the arctic, ice chunks keep falling into the Arctic Ocean every year because of Co2. That causes the Arctic to basically shrink.

THE SCIENCE BEHIND SNOWFLAKES

Now, snowflakes are something that you don't see every day here in Washington. 

Q. How do snowflakes form?

A. A snowflake begins to form when an extremely cold water droplet freezes onto a pollen or dust particle in the sky. This creates an ice crystal. As the ice crystal falls to the ground, water vapor freezes onto the primary crystal, building new crystals – the six arms of the snowflake. That's the short answer. Want the long answer? The more detailed explanation is:

The ice crystals that make up snowflakes are symmetrical (or patterned) because they reflect the internal order of the crystal’s water molecules as they arrange themselves in predetermined spaces (known as “crystallization”) to form a six-sided snowflake. 

Ultimately, it is the temperature at which a crystal forms — and to a lesser extent the humidity of the air — that determines the basic shape of the ice crystal. Thus, we see long needle-like crystals at 23 degrees F and very flat plate-like crystals at 5 degrees F.  

The intricate shape of a single arm of the snowflake is determined by the atmospheric conditions experienced by entire ice crystal as it falls. A crystal might begin to grow arms in one manner, and then minutes or even seconds later, slight changes in the surrounding temperature or humidity causes the crystal to grow in another way. Although the six-sided shape is always maintained, the ice crystal (and its six arms) may branch off in new directions. Because each arm experiences the same atmospheric conditions, the arms look identical. 

Q: So, why are no two snowflakes exactly alike? 

A: Well, that’s because individual snowflakes all follow slightly different paths from the sky to the ground —and thus encounter slightly different atmospheric conditions along the way. Therefore, they all tend to look unique, resembling everything from prisms and needles to the familiar lacy pattern.  

DEFORESTATION

Deforestation is happening. Why? Simple explanation first. We don't want to confuse anyone.

Q. What causes deforestation?

A. Causes of deforestation

Land has other uses besides growing trees. People saw down forests. We can all be cruel sometimes. Some land is also used for roads and buildings. As the population grows, people need to remove more trees. They also use the wood from the trees as logs and wood to make buildings and other things, or they burn a tree as firewood.

Forests are often planted to protect against natural disasters. When forests are lost, very often the soil they protected is also lost. This loss of soil is called erosion.

Trees are also important for carbon sequestration. When the trees burn or rot, the carbon in them returns to the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide. Since carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, deforestation causes global warming. Tropical deforestation is responsible for about 20% of world greenhouse gas emissions.

In 2020, a team of scientists studied worldwide deforestation efforts and found they were not working. They said the idea of everyone working toward the same goal had to change because different groups of people had different reasons for cutting down forests.

That's the simple explanation. Who wants to hear the more complicated explantation?

A. Me!

Deforestation is the removal or destruction of large areas of forest or rainforest. Deforestation happens for many reasons, such as logging, agriculture, natural disasters, urbanization and mining. ... There, the tropical forests, and the species of plants and animals within them, are disappearing at an alarming rate.

It's not too complicated. People (Humans) are destroying forests and that causes global warming which causes climate change. (look in secondary article #1)

 

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